An implant denture, also known as an implant-supported denture or overdenture, is a type of denture that is anchored to dental implants for added stability and support. Unlike traditional dentures, which rest on the gums and can be prone to slipping or moving, implant dentures are secured by implants embedded in the jawbone, offering a more secure and comfortable fit.
Components of an Implant Denture
- Dental Implants: These are small titanium posts surgically placed into the jawbone. They act as artificial roots, providing a stable base for the dentures. Depending on the case, multiple implants may be placed (usually between 2 to 6 per jaw).
- Abutments: Connectors that attach to the implants and protrude slightly above the gum line. Abutments serve as the attachment points for the dentures.
- Denture: The removable or fixed prosthetic device that mimics natural teeth and gums. The denture is custom-made to fit the patient’s mouth and is designed to attach to the abutments.
Types of Implant Dentures
- Fixed Implant Dentures (Hybrid Dentures): These dentures are permanently attached to the implants and cannot be removed by the patient. They offer the most stability and function similarly to natural teeth. They are often referred to as “All-on-4” or “All-on-6” dentures, depending on the number of implants used.
- Removable Implant Dentures (Overdentures): These dentures snap onto the abutments and can be removed by the patient for cleaning. They offer more stability than traditional dentures but can still be taken out daily. They use ball-retained or bar-retained systems for attachment:
- Stud-Attachment Dentures: The abutments have stud-shaped attachments, called Locators, that fit into sockets on the underside of the denture.
- Bar-Retained Dentures: A metal bar is attached to the implants, and the denture fits over this bar, secured with clips. This provides additional denture and implant stability.
Benefits of Implant Dentures
- Improved Denture Stability: Implant dentures are securely anchored, reducing the risk of slipping or movement. This provides greater comfort and confidence, especially when eating and speaking.
- Bone Preservation: Dental implants help stimulate the jawbone, preventing bone loss that occurs with traditional dentures.
- Natural Appearance: Implant dentures are designed to look and feel like natural teeth, enhancing the appearance of the smile.
- Enhanced Chewing Efficiency: Patients can chew and enjoy a wider variety of foods without the worry of dentures slipping or discomfort.
- Long-Term Solution: With proper care, implant dentures can last many years, providing a durable solution for tooth replacement.
Care and Maintenance
- Oral Hygiene: Regular brushing and flossing around the implants and dentures are essential to maintain oral health. Removable dentures should be cleaned daily.
- Regular Dental Visits: Routine check-ups are necessary to monitor the condition of the implants and dentures and to perform professional cleanings.
- Avoiding Hard Foods: Avoid chewing on hard objects that could damage the dentures or implants.
Implant dentures offer a secure, comfortable, and natural-looking solution for patients with missing or decayed teeth, significantly improving their quality of life and oral health.
